Archaeological Area and the Patriarchal Basilica of Aquileia
Aquileia, Italy
14.09.2021
The Archaeological Site and Patriarchal Basilica of Aquileia – A Journey through Time
The archaeological site and patriarchal basilica of Aquileia, located in the northeastern Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site that bears witness to the rich history of the Roman Empire and early Christianity.
Ancient Origins
The city of Aquileia was founded in 181 BC by the Roman consul Gnaeus Fulvius Flaccus, who established it as a military colony to secure the northeastern border of the empire. Aquileia quickly developed into an important trade hub, thanks to its strategic location at the head of the Adriatic Sea.
A Flourishing Center of Christianity
In the 4th century AD, Aquileia became one of the most important centers of Christianity, with the construction of the patriarchal basilica. This monumental church, dedicated to the apostles Peter and Paul, was built on the site of an earlier Roman forum and was one of the largest and most impressive early Christian buildings in the Western world.
Archaeological Discoveries
The archaeological site of Aquileia is a treasure trove of ancient artifacts and structures that provide a glimpse into the city’s past. Visitors can explore the remains of the Roman forum, the city walls, and the Roman port, as well as the early Christian baptistery and cemetery. The site also includes a museum, where many of the excavated objects are on display.
UNESCO World Heritage Site
In 1998, the archaeological site and patriarchal basilica of Aquileia were inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List for their exceptional testimony to the Roman and early Christian civilizations. The site is not only of historical and cultural significance, but it also showcases the remarkable architectural and artistic achievements of these ancient civilizations.
Continuing Preservation Efforts
Today, the archaeological site and patriarchal basilica of Aquileia continue to be preserved and studied by archaeologists and historians. Ongoing excavations and restoration projects aim to uncover more of the city’s past and protect its valuable cultural heritage for future generations.
Experience Aquileia’s Rich History
A visit to the archaeological site and patriarchal basilica of Aquileia is a journey through time, bringing to life the ancient Roman and early Christian civilizations. It is a must-see for history enthusiasts and anyone interested in exploring the fascinating past of this UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Weiterführende Links
Aquileia (in Friuli-Venezia Giulia), one of the largest and wealthiest cities of the Early Roman Empire, was destroyed by Attila in the mid-5th century. Most of it still lies unexcavated beneath the fields, and as such it constitutes the greatest archaeological reserve of its kind. The patriarchal basilica, an outstanding building with an exceptional mosaic pavement, played a key role in the evangelization of a large region of central Europe.
Basilica di Santa Maria Assunta (Italian: Basilica Patriarcale di Santa Maria Assunta) is the principal church in the town of Aquileia, in the Province of Udine and the region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy.
The original church dates back to the fourth century. The current basilica was built in the eleventh century and partially rebuilt again in the thirteenth century. It is located on Via Sacra, overlooking the Piazza del Capitolo, along with the campanile and baptistery.
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